Concrete pouring is the core process of building infrastructure construction, which directly determines the load-bearing capacity, durability, and safety of the structure. It is widely used in various types of building infrastructure such as buildings, bridges, roads, and underground engineering. The quality control of concrete pouring for building infrastructure is a systematic and refined technical work that needs to be carried out throughout the entire construction process. By scientifically controlling key elements such as materials, processes, and environment, quality hazards such as honeycombing, rough surfaces, cracks, and exposed reinforcement can be avoided to ensure that the concrete structure meets design standards and industry specifications. Based on industry standards and engineering practices such as the "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Concrete Structures" (GB50204-2015) and the "Code for Construction of Concrete Structures" (GB50666-2011), the key points of quality control technology for concrete pouring in building infrastructure are centered around four core links: pre construction preparation, pouring process control, post maintenance, and quality inspection. The technical points of each link are coordinated and connected to build a comprehensive quality control system.
The quality control of concrete pouring for building infrastructure follows the core principles of "prevention first, full process control, precise implementation, and long-term stability". The core goal is to ensure that the concrete strength, compactness, and integrity meet the standards, achieve structural load-bearing safety and long-term stability, and balance construction efficiency and economy. Quality control should be combined with the type of concrete structure, construction environment, and design requirements, and targeted technical measures should be implemented to balance professionalism and on-site adaptability, eliminate illegal operations, and ensure that pouring quality meets regulatory standards.
Pre construction preparation is the foundation of quality control for concrete pouring, which directly affects the smooth progress and quality standards of subsequent pouring construction. The core technical points include material control, mix design, equipment debugging, and base treatment. It is necessary to strictly follow industry standards and control quality hazards from the source.
Material control is the core of early preparation, and the quality of raw materials such as cement, sand and gravel, additives, and admixtures used in concrete directly determines the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. Cement must be selected with a strength grade that meets the design requirements. After entering the site, sampling and retesting of strength, stability, and other indicators are required. Unqualified cement is strictly prohibited from being put into use; The particle size distribution, mud content, and impurity content of sand and gravel aggregates should be controlled. The mud content of coarse aggregates should not exceed 1%, and the mud content of fine aggregates should not exceed 3% to avoid impurities affecting the bonding strength of concrete; Admixtures should be compatible with cement, and retarders, water reducers, etc. should be selected according to construction requirements. The dosage should be strictly controlled to avoid excessive addition that may cause abnormal concrete performance; Admixtures such as fly ash and slag powder must meet quality standards, and reasonable addition can improve the workability of concrete and reduce hydration heat. All raw materials must be classified and stored after entering the site, and treated with moisture-proof and dust-proof measures to avoid mixing and deterioration.
The mix proportion design needs to be combined with the concrete design strength grade, construction technology, and environmental conditions, and accurately calculated by professionals to ensure that the mix proportion is scientific and reasonable. The mix proportion should specify the dosage ratio of cement, sand and gravel, water, additives and admixtures, control the water cement ratio, generally not greater than 0.6, to ensure the strength and compactness of the concrete; At the same time, it is necessary to balance the workability of concrete, meet the requirements of pouring construction, and avoid problems such as segregation and bleeding. After the mix proportion is determined, a trial mix test must be conducted to verify the strength, workability, and other indicators of the concrete. Only when they meet the requirements can they be used for actual construction. The mix proportion must not be adjusted arbitrarily during the construction process.
Equipment debugging requires comprehensive inspection and calibration of specialized equipment such as concrete mixing equipment, transportation equipment, and pouring equipment. The mixing equipment needs to be adjusted for mixing time and speed to ensure uniform mixing of concrete, with a mixing time of no less than 90 seconds; Transport equipment needs to be cleaned thoroughly to avoid residual debris contaminating the concrete. At the same time, insulation and moisture retention measures should be taken to prevent segregation and slump loss of the concrete during transportation; Pouring equipment (such as conveying pumps and fabric dispensers) need to be adjusted for conveying pressure and speed to ensure smooth pouring and avoid problems such as pipe blockage and slurry leakage. The grassroots treatment needs to ensure that the pouring surface is flat, solid, and clean, remove surface debris, floating slurry, and oil stains, and repair defects such as cracks and depressions in the grassroots; For reinforced concrete structures, it is necessary to check the position of the steel bars and the thickness of the protective layer to ensure compliance with design requirements. The surface of the steel bars should be cleaned to avoid corrosion affecting the bond strength with the concrete.
The pouring process control is the core link of concrete pouring quality control. The technical points focus on pouring sequence, pouring speed, vibration technology, and construction joint treatment to ensure that the concrete pouring is uniform, dense, and free of quality defects.
The pouring sequence should follow the principle of "layered pouring, continuous advancement, and from low to high", and the pouring area should be reasonably divided according to the structural shape and size to avoid situations where there are too many construction joints or pouring interruptions. Large foundations and thick components need to be poured in layers, with the layer thickness controlled within 500mm. After each layer is poured, vibration should be carried out in a timely manner before pouring the next layer to ensure that the upper and lower layers of concrete are tightly combined without layering or segregation. The pouring speed should be uniform and controllable, combined with the production capacity, transportation efficiency, and vibration speed of the mixing equipment, to avoid insufficient compaction caused by too fast pouring speed or initial setting of concrete caused by too slow speed, which affects the overall structural integrity.
The vibration process is the key to ensuring the compactness of concrete, and suitable vibration equipment should be selected. Plug in vibrators, flat plate vibrators, etc. should be selected according to the thickness and structural shape of the concrete pouring. When using an immersion vibrator for vibration, the principle of "fast insertion, slow extraction, and layered vibration" should be followed. The insertion depth of the vibrating rod should be 50mm deep into the lower layer of concrete, and the vibration spacing should be controlled at 1.5-2.0 times the diameter of the vibrating rod to avoid missed vibration or over vibration; Flat plate vibrator is suitable for large-area planar structures, and it needs to move at a constant speed during vibration to ensure even vibration. The vibration time should be controlled within 20-30 seconds, preferably when there is floating slurry on the surface of the concrete, no longer sinks, and no bubbles emerge. Overvibration can easily cause concrete segregation, while missed vibration can result in defects such as honeycombs and voids.
The treatment of construction joints must strictly follow the requirements of the specifications, and the setting of construction joints should be minimized as much as possible. If it is necessary to set construction joints due to construction needs, it is necessary to choose parts with less structural stress. Before pouring the construction joint, it is necessary to remove the surface floating slurry and loose stones, water it to moisten it, and lay a layer of cement mortar with the same mix ratio as the concrete, with a thickness controlled between 20-30mm, to ensure a tight bond between the new and old concrete. During the pouring process, it is necessary to protect the pre embedded parts and reserved holes to ensure that their positions and dimensions meet the design requirements and avoid displacement and deformation during the pouring process.
Post curing is the key to increasing concrete strength and preventing crack formation. The core technical points are to control the curing temperature, humidity, and curing time to ensure steady growth of concrete strength and avoid shrinkage cracks.
The maintenance temperature should be controlled between 5-35 ℃. In high temperature weather, measures such as shading and watering should be taken to reduce the temperature and avoid excessive surface temperature of the concrete, which may cause temperature cracks; Insulation measures should be taken in low-temperature weather, covering with insulation blankets and plastic films to prevent concrete from freezing and affecting strength growth. The curing humidity should be kept above 80%. After the concrete pouring is completed, it should be covered with plastic film before initial setting. After initial setting, water should be sprayed for curing in a timely manner. The frequency of watering should be adjusted according to the ambient temperature to ensure that the concrete surface is always in a moist state and avoid cracks caused by rapid water loss on the surface. The curing time shall comply with the specifications. The curing time for ordinary concrete shall not be less than 7 days, and the curing time for concrete with added retarders or anti-seepage requirements shall not be less than 14 days. The curing time for large volume concrete shall be extended according to the actual situation to ensure that the concrete strength reaches 75% or more of the design requirements, and the formwork can be removed.
Quality inspection is a key guarantee for ensuring the quality of concrete pouring, which needs to run through the entire construction process, focusing on the quality of raw materials, concrete performance, pouring quality, and structural entity quality, and timely discovering and rectifying quality hazards.
Raw material testing requires sampling and retesting of raw materials such as cement, sand and gravel, and additives to ensure that all indicators meet the regulatory requirements; Concrete performance testing requires randomly selecting samples during the pouring process to test the slump, consistency, and workability indicators of the concrete. At the same time, standard curing test blocks should be made to test the mechanical performance indicators such as compressive strength and impermeability of the concrete. The number of test blocks should meet the requirements of the specifications, and each mix proportion should not be less than one group per work shift. The quality inspection of pouring requires checking whether the concrete surface is flat and dense, whether there are defects such as honeycomb, rough surface, exposed reinforcement, cracks, etc. The causes of the defects should be analyzed in a timely manner, and repair measures should be taken; Structural entity testing requires non-destructive testing methods such as rebound method and ultrasonic method to detect indicators such as concrete entity strength and protective layer thickness, ensuring compliance with design requirements.
In addition, the quality control of concrete pouring also needs to pay attention to the impact of environmental factors. Rainproof facilities should be built during rainy construction to avoid rainwater washing away uncured concrete, which can cause concrete segregation and strength reduction; Windproof measures should be taken in windy weather to prevent cracks from occurring on the concrete surface due to rapid water loss; In high temperature and dry weather, it is necessary to increase the frequency of watering, do a good job of moisturizing and curing, and ensure the quality of pouring.
The key points of quality control technology for concrete pouring in building infrastructure run through the entire construction process, and each link is interrelated and indispensable. It is necessary to strictly follow industry standards such as the "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Concrete Structures", optimize quality control plans based on actual engineering conditions, and strengthen technical control throughout the entire process. With the application of intelligent detection equipment and new concrete materials, the level of refinement and standardization of concrete pouring quality control continues to improve. Strictly implementing various technical points can not only ensure that the quality of concrete structures meets standards, but also enhance the bearing capacity, durability, and safety of building infrastructure, providing strong support for the high-quality development of building infrastructure.
Copyright © 2026-2043 Guizhou Yichenzi Construction Engineering Co., Ltd
